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Iles Malouines
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Les Iles Malouines (Falkland Islands en anglais, Islas Malvinas en espagnol) sont un archipel de l'Atlantique Sud situé à 480 km des côtes de l'Argentine et à 940 km du nord de l'Antarctique. Elles forment un Territoire britannique d'outre-mer (Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands). Elles sont revendiquées par l'Argentine et ont été l'enjeu d'un affrontement militaire — la guerre des Malouines — entre les deux pays en 1982.

L'archipel est composé de deux îles principales, West Falkland et East Falkland, séparées par un large chenal, le détroit des Falkland (Falkland Sound) et plus de 750 îles et îlots. La superficie de l'archipel est de 12 173 km² (superficie équivalente à celle de l'Irlande du Nord) pour une population d'environ 3 000 habitants, dont les deux tiers résident dans la capitale Port Stanley.

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